This guide will show you step by step how to install Nginx webserver & Certbot SSL certificates, the RTMP module, Ffmpeg on a Ubuntu 18.04 VPS server. It will then will also explain how to setup HLS live-streaming and create a webpage with Video.JS to show the live-stream. I decided to write this guide after receiving a lot of questions and responses on a video or two that I made a while ago. HLS and SSL related mostly. So hopefully this guide will clear up all of those questions for you all. If not, please leave any questions at the bottom of this page or as comment on the Youtube page.
This guide contains 7 steps. I strongly advice to read through them all beforehand so you’ll know what you’re doing in stead of just blindly start copy/pasting everything, because that rarely works out like it should, in my experience. This looks like a long-ass guide, and it is in a way, but you could do this all in under 25 minutes. Anyways, it’s too long for this blog’s layout so click on the continue reading link below to read the full article and to see the video.
A Raspberry Pi is a really cheap tiny computer that has very low power consumption. These tiny computers costs between 30 to 50 euro’s/dollars and are ideal for people who often mess around with computers and everything related to it, like me for example. But they’re also interesting for people who want to keep their power consumption at home as low as possible, but still want certain services to run 24/7. I’m also one of those people. Especially when I saw my most recent electricity bill from the energy provider. It showed that I use more power than a family of five people averagely does. I live alone…
One of the reasons I want certain devices to run 24/7 is because they are hosting some services that I want to be available at all times. Like a DNS server for example. Pi-Hole is basically a DNS server that also blocks adds, for all the devices in your home network. Technically it’s actually not a DNS server but a local DNS resolver but that’s not important right now. I started using Pi-Hole about two years ago and nowadays my network feels incomplete without a Pi-Hole running in it. It also keep statistics that you can view in a simple web interface as shown below. Read more about it here.
pretty-stats
Pi-Hole will resolve all DNS queries for every device in your home network. And to resolve queries and send the answer back to the clients Pi-Hole uses several upstream DNS server like 1.1.1.1 or 8.8.8.8. DNS queries from my Pi-Hole to the upstream DNS servers are not encrypted in any way. This means that my internet provider can monitor all these queries that I send out to the internet. In other words, they know what websites I visit and they monitor this and save the logs files for a certain amount of time. I’ve never really cared much about this, and I use VPN when I don’t want them to see what I’m doing. But with all the things that are going on right now in the realm of the world wide web, and with all the changes that have happened that I disagree with, I have become more aware of the benefits of securing as much as you can against preying eyes. Having said this just now, I started to nostalgically think back to the early days when the internet still felt like a playground for people like me, in anarchy, and it was completely free and it opened so many possibilities that we couldn’t even predict back then. Good days, good days. I miss those.
Recently I stumbled upon an article that explained the benefits of using HTTPS to secure DNS queries. This caught my interest so I did all the things the article suggested and within a couple of minutes a functional Pi-Hole with DNS-over-HTTPS was up and running. I figured that I might want to build this setup again at some point in the future, so I documented what I did, and since I was doing that, it was little effort to also post it here.
The upstream DNS servers we will be using are hosted by Cloudfare. They revolutionized the way we think of DNS when they went public on April fool’s day 2018, and their DNS servers are several times faster as the public Google DNS servers. I wrote something about this earlier that you might want to read also.
I’m assuming that you have already set up RaspBian on your Raspberry Pi yourself and that you are connected to the internet. I used RaspBian Lite but this works exactly the same on the full desktop version of RaspBian. Since I use the root account there’s no need for me to enter ‘sudo’ before the commands. So forgive me if I have forgotten to include sudo in some of the command-line instructions below. You should never use the root account but a regular account that has sudo rights. So if you see that a command is not working correctly for you, try it again but add sudo to the command.
We’re going to begin with the installation of Pi-Hole on a freshly new installed system. When this is running we install a tiny client-daemon from Cloudflare for the communication with the upstream DNS queries. I choose to use Cloudflare’s really fast servers 1.1.1.1 and 1.0.0.1, but you can use any of these servers that supports DNS over HTTPS. Eventually we will configure Pi-Hole and Cloudflared to work together hand in hand.
To continue reading the full article and the instructions, click on read more. Enough chatter, that barely anybody will read anyways, so let’s get started!
Have a look at this page for instructions on how to add a terminal to your Windows 10 in a matter of seconds. I just installed it and I’m very pleased with it so far. Could this mean I will stop using Putty after all these years? I’m not sure yet but I’m going to find out really soon. Here’s a link directly to the Windows Store if you don’t need any further instructions.
“MP4Box is a multimedia packager, with a vast number of functionalities: conversion, splitting, hinting, dumping and others. It can be used for performing many manipulations on multimedia files like AVI, MPG, TS, but mostly on ISO media files (e.g. MP4, 3GP). It is a command-line tool so it can be utilized by scripts like the php script that I want to use. MP4Box is included in the GPAC package.”
I want to be able to use a certain media hosting package but during installation it tells me that it will require MP4Box to continue. I tried installing it regularly (apt-get install mp4box) but that didn’t work. After doing a bit of research I decided to build MP4Box from scratch so that means compiling the source and here’s how I did that.
Recently I came across ZeroShell which is a firewall/router package that seems to be able to do everything I need. So after trying a virtual machine trial setup I decided to wipe the dust of an older physical workstation I had laying around and fired it up and ZeroShell runs great on it. I’m now going through the configuration and I’m guessing it won’t be long until I will implement it in the rest of my LAN.
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